Elizabeth H. Blackburn, PhD

Nobel Laureate

Professor Emerita, Biochemistry and Biophysics

+1 415 476-7284

Professor Elizabeth H. Blackburn, a Nobel Laureate, is currently Professor Emerita. Throughout her long career she has been a leader in telomere and telomerase research. She discovered the molecular nature of telomeres–the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that serve as protective caps essential for preserving the genetic information–and co-discovered the ribonucleoprotein enzyme, telomerase.

Professor Blackburn and her research team collaborate in a wide range of investigations of the roles of telomere biology in human health and diseases, through clinical and other human studies.

Born in Australia, Professor Blackburn earned her B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees from the University of Melbourne, and her Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in England. She was a postdoctoral fellow in the Molecular and Cellular Biology Department at Yale University from 1975 to 1977.

In 1978, Professor Blackburn joined the faculty at the University of California Berkeley (UCB), in the Department of Molecular Biology. In 1990, she joined the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at UCSF, where she served as Department Chair from 1993 to 1999. She was also appointed a faculty member in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at UCSF.

Professor Blackburn has won many prestigious awards throughout her career. In 2009, Professor Blackburn was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She received the Albert Lasker Medical Research Award for Basic Medical Research in 2006, and in 2007 was named one of TIME Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People. In 2008 she was the North American Laureate for L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science. She was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1991) and the Royal Society of London (1992), a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences (1993) and a Member of the Institute of Medicine (2000). She was elected the 1998 President of the American Society for Cell Biology and the2010-2011 President of the American Association for Cancer Research. She served on the President’s Council on Bioethics from 2002 to 2004, and has been awarded honorary degrees by 11 Universities.

Publications

Mechanistic basis for Sgo1-mediated centromere localization and function of the CPC.

The Journal of cell biology

Abad MA, Gupta T, Hadders MA, Meppelink A, Wopken JP, Blackburn E, Zou J, Gireesh A, Buzuk L, Kelly DA, McHugh T, Rappsilber J, Lens SMA, Jeyaprakash AA

Maternal Psychological Resilience During Pregnancy and Newborn Telomere Length: A Prospective Study.

The American journal of psychiatry

Verner G, Epel E, Lahti-Pulkkinen M, Kajantie E, Buss C, Lin J, Blackburn E, Räikkönen K, Wadhwa PD, Entringer S

Spatially inhomogeneous competition between superconductivity and the charge density wave in YBa2Cu3O6.67.

Nature communications

Choi J, Ivashko O, Blackburn E, Liang R, Bonn DA, Hardy WN, Holmes AT, Christensen NB, Hücker M, Gerber S, Gutowski O, Rütt U, Zimmermann MV, Forgan EM, Hayden SM, Chang J

Telomere length and socioeconomic status at neighborhood and individual levels among 80,000 adults in the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging cohort.

Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Maternal pro-inflammatory state during pregnancy and newborn leukocyte telomere length: A prospective investigation.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Lazarides C, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Voelkle MC, Buss C, Simhan HN, Wadhwa PD, Entringer S

An investigation of racial/ethnic and sex differences in the association between experiences of everyday discrimination and leukocyte telomere length among patients with coronary artery disease.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Sullivan S, Hammadah M, Al Mheid I, Shah A, Sun YV, Kutner M, Ward L, Blackburn E, Zhao J, Lin J, Bremner JD, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V, Lewis TT

Local enrichment of HP1alpha at telomeres alters their structure and regulation of telomere protection.

Nature communications

Chow TT, Shi X, Wei JH, Guan J, Stadler G, Huang B, Blackburn EH

In vitro proinflammatory gene expression predicts in vivo telomere shortening: A preliminary study.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Lin J, Sun J, Wang S, Milush JM, Baker CAR, Coccia M, Effros RB, Puterman E, Blackburn E, Prather AA, Epel E

Chronic Obesity and Incident Hypertension in Latina Women Are Associated with Accelerated Telomere Length Loss over a 1-Year Period.

Metabolic syndrome and related disorders

Wojcicki JM, Elwan D, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E

Quantitative Characterization of the Nanoscale Local Lattice Strain Induced by Sr Dopants in La_{1.92}Sr_{0.08}CuO_{4}.

Physical review letters

Lin JQ, Liu X, Blackburn E, Wakimoto S, Ding H, Islam Z, Sinha SK

Telomere attrition is associated with declines in medial temporal lobe volume and white matter microstructure in functionally independent older adults.

Neurobiology of aging

Staffaroni AM, Tosun D, Lin J, Elahi FM, Casaletto KB, Wynn MJ, Patel N, Neuhaus J, Walters SM, Epel ES, Blackburn EH, Kramer JH

Shorter preschool, leukocyte telomere length is associated with obesity at age 9 in Latino children.

Clinical obesity

Kjaer TW, Faurholt-Jepsen D, Mehta KM, Christensen VB, Epel E, Lin J, Blackburn E, Wojcicki JM

Validation of Minimally-Invasive Sample Collection Methods for Measurement of Telomere Length.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience

Stout SA, Lin J, Hernandez N, Davis EP, Blackburn E, Carroll JE, Glynn LM

Socioeconomic Status, Financial Strain, and Leukocyte Telomere Length in a Sample of African American Midlife Men.

Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities

Schrock JM, Adler NE, Epel ES, Nuru-Jeter AM, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Taylor RJ, Chae DH

Telomere length is inversely correlated with urinary stress hormone levels in healthy controls but not in un-medicated depressed individuals-preliminary findings.

Journal of psychosomatic research

Fair B, Mellon SH, Epel ES, Lin J, Révész D, Verhoeven JE, Penninx BW, Reus VI, Rosser R, Hough CM, Mahan L, Burke HM, Blackburn EH, Wolkowitz OM

The Longitudinal Relationship Between Cortisol Responses to Mental Stress and Leukocyte Telomere Attrition.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

Steptoe A, Hamer M, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Erusalimsky JD

Correction: Change in Leukocyte Telomere Length Predicts Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease from the Heart and Soul Study.

PloS one

Goglin SE, Farzaneh-Far R, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Whooley MA

Leukocyte Telomere Length in Relation to 17 Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study of US Adults.

PLoS medicine

Rehkopf DH, Needham BL, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Zota AR, Wojcicki JM, Epel ES

Change in Leukocyte Telomere Length Predicts Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease from the Heart and Soul Study.

PloS one

Goglin SE, Farzaneh-Far R, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Whooley MA

Leukocyte telomere length and ideal cardiovascular health in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family Study.

European journal of epidemiology

Peng H, Mete M, Desale S, Fretts AM, Cole SA, Best LG, Lin J, Blackburn E, Lee ET, Howard BV, Zhao J

HIV Infection Is Associated with Shortened Telomere Length in Ugandans with Suspected Tuberculosis.

PloS one

Auld E, Lin J, Chang E, Byanyima P, Ayakaka I, Musisi E, Worodria W, Davis JL, Segal M, Blackburn E, Huang L

Meditation and vacation effects have an impact on disease-associated molecular phenotypes.

Translational psychiatry

Epel ES, Puterman E, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Lum PY, Beckmann ND, Zhu J, Lee E, Gilbert A, Rissman RA, Tanzi RE, Schadt EE

Telomere Length, Proviral Load and Neurologic Impairment in HTLV-1 and HTLV-2-Infected Subjects.

Viruses

Usadi B, Bruhn R, Lin J, Lee TH, Blackburn E, Murphy EL

Impact of biological aging on arterial aging in American Indians: findings from the Strong Heart Family Study.

Aging

Peng H, Zhu Y, Yeh F, Cole SA, Best LG, Lin J, Blackburn E, Devereux RB, Roman MJ, Lee ET, Howard BV, Zhao J

Early exclusive breastfeeding is associated with longer telomeres in Latino preschool children.

The American journal of clinical nutrition

Wojcicki JM, Heyman MB, Elwan D, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E

Early Loss of Telomerase Action in Yeast Creates a Dependence on the DNA Damage Response Adaptor Proteins.

Molecular and cellular biology

Jay KA, Smith DL, Blackburn EH

Leukocyte telomere length predicts SSRI response in major depressive disorder: A preliminary report.

Molecular neuropsychiatry

Hough CM, Bersani FS, Mellon SH, Epel ES, Reus VI, Lindqvist D, Lin J, Mahan L, Rosser R, Burke H, Coetzee J, Nelson JC, Blackburn EH, Wolkowitz OM

Sugary beverage and food consumption, and leukocyte telomere length maintenance in pregnant women.

European journal of clinical nutrition

Leung CW, Laraia BA, Coleman-Phox K, Bush NR, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Adler NE, Epel ES

Magnetic field controlled charge density wave coupling in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x.

Nature communications

Chang J, Blackburn E, Ivashko O, Holmes AT, Christensen NB, Hücker M, Liang R, Bonn DA, Hardy WN, Rütt U, Zimmermann MV, Forgan EM, Hayden SM

Telomere length change plateaus at 4 years of age in Latino children: associations with baseline length and maternal change.

Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG

Wojcicki JM, Shiboski S, Heyman MB, Elwan D, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E

Systematic and Cell Type-Specific Telomere Length Changes in Subsets of Lymphocytes.

Journal of immunology research

Lin J, Cheon J, Brown R, Coccia M, Puterman E, Aschbacher K, Sinclair E, Epel E, Blackburn EH

Telomere length as a predictor of response to Pioglitazone in patients with unremitted depression: a preliminary study.

Translational psychiatry

Rasgon N, Lin KW, Lin J, Epel E, Blackburn E

The yeast telomerase RNA, TLC1, participates in two distinct modes of TLC1-TLC1 association processes in vivo.

PeerJ

Matsuguchi T, Blackburn E

Transforming Cancer Prevention through Precision Medicine and Immune-oncology.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Kensler TW, Spira A, Garber JE, Szabo E, Lee JJ, Dong Z, Dannenberg AJ, Hait WN, Blackburn E, Davidson NE, Foti M, Lippman SM

The microscopic structure of charge density waves in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.54 revealed by X-ray diffraction.

Nature communications

Forgan EM, Blackburn E, Holmes AT, Briffa AK, Chang J, Bouchenoire L, Brown SD, Liang R, Bonn D, Hardy WN, Christensen NB, Zimmermann MV, Hücker M, Hayden SM

Human telomere biology: A contributory and interactive factor in aging, disease risks, and protection.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Blackburn EH, Epel ES, Lin J

Cord blood telomere length in Latino infants: relation with maternal education and infant sex.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association

Wojcicki JM, Olveda R, Heyman MB, Elwan D, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E

Peripheral telomere length and hippocampal volume in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Translational psychiatry

Henje Blom E, Han LK, Connolly CG, Ho TC, Lin J, LeWinn KZ, Simmons AN, Sacchet MD, Mobayed N, Luna ME, Paulus M, Epel ES, Blackburn EH, Wolkowitz OM, Yang TT

Movement-Based Behaviors and Leukocyte Telomere Length among US Adults.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

Loprinzi PD, Loenneke JP, Blackburn EH

Association of dimensional psychological health measures with telomere length in male war veterans.

Journal of affective disorders

Bersani FS, Lindqvist D, Mellon SH, Epel ES, Yehuda R, Flory J, Henn-Hasse C, Bierer LM, Makotkine I, Abu-Amara D, Coy M, Reus VI, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Marmar C, Wolkowitz OM

Q&A: End-game winner.

Nature

Blackburn E, Tucker E

Discrimination, mental health, and leukocyte telomere length among African American men.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Chae DH, Epel ES, Nuru-Jeter AM, Lincoln KD, Taylor RJ, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Thomas SB

Leukocyte telomere length and mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)

Needham BL, Rehkopf D, Adler N, Gregorich S, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Mitochondrial DNA copy number is reduced in male combat veterans with PTSD.

Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry

Bersani FS, Morley C, Lindqvist D, Epel ES, Picard M, Yehuda R, Flory J, Bierer LM, Makotkine I, Abu-Amara D, Coy M, Reus VI, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Marmar C, Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH

Automated Assay of Telomere Length Measurement and Informatics for 100,000 Subjects in the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) Cohort.

Genetics

Lapham K, Kvale MN, Lin J, Connell S, Croen LA, Dispensa BP, Fang L, Hesselson S, Hoffmann TJ, Iribarren C, Jorgenson E, Kushi LH, Ludwig D, Matsuguchi T, McGuire WB, Miles S, Quesenberry CP, Rowell S, Sadler M, Sakoda LC, Smethurst D, Somkin CP, Van Den Eeden SK, Walter L, Whitmer RA, Kwok PY, Risch N, Schaefer C, Blackburn EH

Telomere length is associated with oppositional defiant behavior and maternal clinical depression in Latino preschool children.

Translational psychiatry

Wojcicki JM, Heyman MB, Elwan D, Shiboski S, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E

Maternal Folate Concentration in Early Pregnancy and Newborn Telomere Length.

Annals of nutrition & metabolism

Entringer S, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Buss C, Shahbaba B, Gillen DL, Venkataramanan R, Simhan HN, Wadhwa PD

Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

Lindqvist D, Epel ES, Mellon SH, Penninx BW, Révész D, Verhoeven JE, Reus VI, Lin J, Mahan L, Hough CM, Rosser R, Bersani FS, Blackburn EH, Wolkowitz OM

Race-Ethnicity, Poverty, Urban Stressors, and Telomere Length in a Detroit Community-based Sample.

Journal of health and social behavior

Geronimus AT, Pearson JA, Linnenbringer E, Schulz AJ, Reyes AG, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH

Early telomerase inactivation accelerates aging independently of telomere length.

Cell

Xie Z, Jay KA, Smith DL, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Zheng J, Tian R, Li H, Blackburn EH

PBMC telomerase activity, but not leukocyte telomere length, correlates with hippocampal volume in major depression.

Psychiatry research

Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH, Lindqvist D, Epel ES, Blackburn EH, Lin J, Reus VI, Burke H, Rosser R, Mahan L, Mackin S, Yang T, Weiner M, Mueller S

Maternal estriol concentrations in early gestation predict infant telomere length.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism

Entringer S, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Buss C, Simhan HN, Wadhwa PD

Phosphomimetic mutation of the N-terminal lid of MDM2 enhances the polyubiquitination of p53 through stimulation of E2-ubiquitin thioester hydrolysis.

Journal of molecular biology

Fraser JA, Worrall EG, Lin Y, Landre V, Pettersson S, Blackburn E, Walkinshaw M, Muller P, Vojtesek B, Ball K, Hupp TR

Tired telomeres: Poor global sleep quality, perceived stress, and telomere length in immune cell subsets in obese men and women.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Prather AA, Gurfein B, Moran P, Daubenmier J, Acree M, Bacchetti P, Sinclair E, Lin J, Blackburn E, Hecht FM, Epel ES

Associations of cadmium and lead exposure with leukocyte telomere length: findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002.

American journal of epidemiology

Zota AR, Needham BL, Blackburn EH, Lin J, Park SK, Rehkopf DH, Epel ES

Telomere length and the risk of atrial fibrillation: insights into the role of biological versus chronological aging.

Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology

Roberts JD, Dewland TA, Longoria J, Fitzpatrick AL, Ziv E, Hu D, Lin J, Glidden DV, Psaty BM, Burchard EG, Blackburn EH, Olgin JE, Heckbert SR, Marcus GM

Soda and cell aging: associations between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and leukocyte telomere length in healthy adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys.

American journal of public health

Leung CW, Laraia BA, Needham BL, Rehkopf DH, Adler NE, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

An antiapoptotic role for telomerase RNA in human immune cells independent of telomere integrity or telomerase enzymatic activity.

Blood

Gazzaniga FS, Blackburn EH

Depression, anxiety and telomere length in young adults: evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Molecular psychiatry

Needham BL, Mezuk B, Bareis N, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Adverse childhood experiences and leukocyte telomere maintenance in depressed and healthy adults.

Journal of affective disorders

Chen SH, Epel ES, Mellon SH, Lin J, Reus VI, Rosser R, Kupferman E, Burke H, Mahan L, Blackburn EH, Wolkowitz OM

Determinants of telomere attrition over 1 year in healthy older women: stress and health behaviors matter.

Molecular psychiatry

Puterman E, Lin J, Krauss J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Relationship between leukocyte telomere length, telomerase activity, and hippocampal volume in early aging.

JAMA neurology

Jacobs EG, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Rasgon NL

Short leukocyte telomere length is associated with obesity in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family study.

Aging

Chen S, Yeh F, Lin J, Matsuguchi T, Blackburn E, Lee ET, Howard BV, Zhao J

Short leukocyte telomere length predicts incidence and progression of carotid atherosclerosis in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family Study.

Aging

Chen S, Lin J, Matsuguchi T, Blackburn E, Yeh F, Best LG, Devereux RB, Lee ET, Howard BV, Roman MJ, Zhao J

Shorter telomeres with high telomerase activity are associated with raised allostatic load and impoverished psychosocial resources.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Zalli A, Carvalho LA, Lin J, Hamer M, Erusalimsky JD, Blackburn EH, Steptoe A

Metabolic profiles of biological aging in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family Study.

Aging

Zhao J, Zhu Y, Uppal K, Tran VT, Yu T, Lin J, Matsuguchi T, Blackburn E, Jones D, Lee ET, Howard BV

Seasonal variation of peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length in Costa Rica: A population-based observational study.

American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council

Rehkopf DH, Dow WH, Rosero-Bixby L, Lin J, Epel ES, Blackburn EH

Discrimination, racial bias, and telomere length in African-American men.

American journal of preventive medicine

Chae DH, Nuru-Jeter AM, Adler NE, Brody GH, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Associations of ghrelin with eating behaviors, stress, metabolic factors, and telomere length among overweight and obese women: preliminary evidence of attenuated ghrelin effects in obesity?

Appetite

Buss J, Havel PJ, Epel E, Lin J, Blackburn E, Daubenmier J

Dynamic imaging of genomic loci in living human cells by an optimized CRISPR/Cas system.

Cell

Chen B, Gilbert LA, Cimini BA, Schnitzbauer J, Zhang W, Li GW, Park J, Blackburn EH, Weissman JS, Qi LS, Huang B

Q&A: Elizabeth Blackburn on telomerase and tumors.

Cancer discovery

Blackburn E

An investigation of the effects of the core protein telomerase reverse transcriptase on Wnt signaling in breast cancer cells.

Molecular and cellular biology

Listerman I, Gazzaniga FS, Blackburn EH

Effect of comprehensive lifestyle changes on telomerase activity and telomere length in men with biopsy-proven low-risk prostate cancer: 5-year follow-up of a descriptive pilot study.

The Lancet. Oncology

Ornish D, Lin J, Chan JM, Epel E, Kemp C, Weidner G, Marlin R, Frenda SJ, Magbanua MJM, Daubenmier J, Estay I, Hills NK, Chainani-Wu N, Carroll PR, Blackburn EH

QTL mapping of leukocyte telomere length in American Indians: the Strong Heart Family Study.

Aging

Zhu Y, Voruganti VS, Lin J, Matsuguchi T, Blackburn E, Best LG, Lee ET, MacCluer JW, Cole SA, Zhao J

Longer leukocyte telomere length in Costa Rica's Nicoya Peninsula: a population-based study.

Experimental gerontology

Rehkopf DH, Dow WH, Rosero-Bixby L, Lin J, Epel ES, Blackburn EH

Short leukocyte telomere length predicts risk of diabetes in american indians: the strong heart family study.

Diabetes

Zhao J, Zhu Y, Lin J, Matsuguchi T, Blackburn E, Zhang Y, Cole SA, Best LG, Lee ET, Howard BV

Multisystem resiliency moderates the major depression-telomere length association: findings from the Heart and Soul Study.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Puterman E, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Gross JJ, Whooley MA, Cohen BE

The major reverse transcriptase-incompetent splice variant of the human telomerase protein inhibits telomerase activity but protects from apoptosis.

Cancer research

Listerman I, Sun J, Gazzaniga FS, Lukas JL, Blackburn EH

X-ray diffraction observations of a charge-density-wave order in superconducting ortho-II YBa2Cu3O6.54 single crystals in zero magnetic field.

Physical review letters

Blackburn E, Chang J, Hücker M, Holmes AT, Christensen NB, Liang R, Bonn DA, Hardy WN, Rütt U, Gutowski O, von Zimmermann M, Forgan EM, Hayden SM

Visualization of actin filaments and monomers in somatic cell nuclei.

Molecular biology of the cell

Belin BJ, Cimini BA, Blackburn EH, Mullins RD

Socioeconomic status, health behavior, and leukocyte telomere length in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Needham BL, Adler N, Gregorich S, Rehkopf D, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Accelerated cell aging in female APOE-e4 carriers: implications for hormone therapy use.

PloS one

Jacobs EG, Kroenke C, Lin J, Epel ES, Kenna HA, Blackburn EH, Rasgon NL

Cytomegalovirus is associated with reduced telomerase activity in the Whitehall II cohort.

Experimental gerontology

Dowd JB, Bosch JA, Steptoe A, Blackburn EH, Lin J, Rees-Clayton E, Aiello AE

Maternal psychosocial stress during pregnancy is associated with newborn leukocyte telomere length.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology

Entringer S, Epel ES, Lin J, Buss C, Shahbaba B, Blackburn EH, Simhan HN, Wadhwa PD

Association between kidney function and telomere length: the heart and soul study.

American journal of nephrology

Bansal N, Whooley MA, Regan M, McCulloch CE, Ix JH, Epel E, Blackburn E, Lin J, Hsu CY

Telomeres and adversity: Too toxic to ignore.

Nature

Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Chronic stress elevates telomerase activity in rats.

Biology letters

Beery AK, Lin J, Biddle JS, Francis DD, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Omega-3 fatty acids, oxidative stress, and leukocyte telomere length: A randomized controlled trial.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Epel ES, Belury MA, Andridge R, Lin J, Glaser R, Malarkey WB, Hwang BS, Blackburn E

The telomere syndromes.

Nature reviews. Genetics

Armanios M, Blackburn EH

Educational attainment and late life telomere length in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Adler N, Pantell MS, O'Donovan A, Blackburn E, Cawthon R, Koster A, Opresko P, Newman A, Harris TB, Epel E

Socioeconomic status and cell aging in children.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Needham BL, Fernandez JR, Lin J, Epel ES, Blackburn EH

A pilot study of yogic meditation for family dementia caregivers with depressive symptoms: effects on mental health, cognition, and telomerase activity.

International journal of geriatric psychiatry

Lavretsky H, Epel ES, Siddarth P, Nazarian N, Cyr NS, Khalsa DS, Lin J, Blackburn E, Irwin MR

Stress appraisals and cellular aging: a key role for anticipatory threat in the relationship between psychological stress and telomere length.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

O'Donovan A, Tomiyama AJ, Lin J, Puterman E, Adler NE, Kemeny M, Wolkowitz OM, Blackburn EH, Epel ES

Changes in stress, eating, and metabolic factors are related to changes in telomerase activity in a randomized mindfulness intervention pilot study.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Daubenmier J, Lin J, Blackburn E, Hecht FM, Kristeller J, Maninger N, Kuwata M, Bacchetti P, Havel PJ, Epel E

Does cellular aging relate to patterns of allostasis? An examination of basal and stress reactive HPA axis activity and telomere length.

Physiology & behavior

Tomiyama AJ, O'Donovan A, Lin J, Puterman E, Lazaro A, Chan J, Dhabhar FS, Wolkowitz O, Kirschbaum C, Blackburn E, Epel E

Physical fitness and telomere length in patients with coronary heart disease: findings from the Heart and Soul Study.

PloS one

Krauss J, Farzaneh-Far R, Puterman E, Na B, Lin J, Epel E, Blackburn E, Whooley MA

Telomerase, telomere length, and coronary artery calcium in black and white men in the CARDIA study.

Atherosclerosis

Kroenke CH, Pletcher MJ, Lin J, Blackburn E, Adler N, Matthews K, Epel E

Shorter leukocyte telomere length in midlife women with poor sleep quality.

Journal of aging research

Prather AA, Puterman E, Lin J, O'Donovan A, Krauss J, Tomiyama AJ, Epel ES, Blackburn EH

Shorter telomeres are associated with obesity and weight gain in the elderly.

International journal of obesity (2005)

Njajou OT, Cawthon RM, Blackburn EH, Harris TB, Li R, Sanders JL, Newman AB, Nalls M, Cummings SR, Hsueh WC

Hostility and cellular aging in men from the Whitehall II cohort.

Biological psychiatry

Brydon L, Lin J, Butcher L, Hamer M, Erusalimsky JD, Blackburn EH, Steptoe A

Actuary of the cell. Interview by Thea Singer.

Scientific American

Blackburn EH

Autonomic and adrenocortical reactivity and buccal cell telomere length in kindergarten children.

Psychosomatic medicine

Kroenke CH, Epel E, Adler N, Bush NR, Obradovic J, Lin J, Blackburn E, Stamperdahl JL, Boyce WT

Telomeres and lifestyle factors: roles in cellular aging.

Mutation research

Lin J, Epel E, Blackburn E

Impartial comparative analysis of measurement of leukocyte telomere length/DNA content by Southern blots and qPCR.

Nucleic acids research

Aviv A, Hunt SC, Lin J, Cao X, Kimura M, Blackburn E

Stress exposure in intrauterine life is associated with shorter telomere length in young adulthood.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Entringer S, Epel ES, Kumsta R, Lin J, Hellhammer DH, Blackburn EH, Wüst S, Wadhwa PD

Cancer interception.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Blackburn EH

Depression and leukocyte telomere length in patients with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study.

Psychosomatic medicine

Hoen PW, de Jonge P, Na BY, Farzaneh-Far R, Epel E, Lin J, Blackburn E, Whooley MA

Cumulative inflammatory load is associated with short leukocyte telomere length in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study.

PloS one

O'Donovan A, Pantell MS, Puterman E, Dhabhar FS, Blackburn EH, Yaffe K, Cawthon RM, Opresko PL, Hsueh WC, Satterfield S, Newman AB, Ayonayon HN, Rubin SM, Harris TB, Epel ES

Telomerase: an RNP enzyme synthesizes DNA.

Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology

Blackburn EH, Collins K

Educational attainment but not measures of current socioeconomic circumstances are associated with leukocyte telomere length in healthy older men and women.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Steptoe A, Hamer M, Butcher L, Lin J, Brydon L, Kivimäki M, Marmot M, Blackburn E, Erusalimsky JD

Childhood trauma associated with short leukocyte telomere length in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Biological psychiatry

O'Donovan A, Epel E, Lin J, Wolkowitz O, Cohen B, Maguen S, Metzler T, Lenoci M, Blackburn E, Neylan TC

Walking the walk from genes through telomere maintenance to cancer risk.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Blackburn EH

Leukocyte telomere length in major depression: correlations with chronicity, inflammation and oxidative stress--preliminary findings.

PloS one

Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH, Epel ES, Lin J, Dhabhar FS, Su Y, Reus VI, Rosser R, Burke HM, Kupferman E, Compagnone M, Nelson JC, Blackburn EH

Telomere shortening in formerly abused and never abused women.

Biological research for nursing

Humphreys J, Epel ES, Cooper BA, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Lee KA

Resting leukocyte telomerase activity is elevated in major depression and predicts treatment response.

Molecular psychiatry

Wolkowitz OM, Mellon SH, Epel ES, Lin J, Reus VI, Rosser R, Burke H, Compagnone M, Nelson JC, Dhabhar FS, Blackburn EH

Intensive meditation training, immune cell telomerase activity, and psychological mediators.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Jacobs TL, Epel ES, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Wolkowitz OM, Bridwell DA, Zanesco AP, Aichele SR, Sahdra BK, MacLean KA, King BG, Shaver PR, Rosenberg EL, Ferrer E, Wallace BA, Saron CD

Greater endogenous estrogen exposure is associated with longer telomeres in postmenopausal women at risk for cognitive decline.

Brain research

Lin J, Kroenke CH, Epel E, Kenna HA, Wolkowitz OM, Blackburn E, Rasgon NL

Telomeres and telomerase: the means to the end (Nobel lecture).

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

Blackburn EH

A common variant in the telomerase RNA component is associated with short telomere length.

PloS one

Njajou OT, Blackburn EH, Pawlikowska L, Mangino M, Damcott CM, Kwok PY, Spector TD, Newman AB, Harris TB, Cummings SR, Cawthon RM, Shuldiner AR, Valdes AM, Hsueh WC

A novel p53 phosphorylation site within the MDM2 ubiquitination signal: II. a model in which phosphorylation at SER269 induces a mutant conformation to p53.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Fraser JA, Madhumalar A, Blackburn E, Bramham J, Walkinshaw MD, Verma C, Hupp TR

Characterization of the yeast telomere nucleoprotein core: Rap1 binds independently to each recognition site.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Williams TL, Levy DL, Maki-Yonekura S, Yonekura K, Blackburn EH

The terminal telomeric DNA sequence determines the mechanism of dysfunctional telomere fusion.

Molecular cell

Stohr BA, Xu L, Blackburn EH

The power of exercise: buffering the effect of chronic stress on telomere length.

PloS one

Puterman E, Lin J, Blackburn E, O'Donovan A, Adler N, Epel E

Climate change and the integrity of science.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Gleick PH, Adams RM, Amasino RM, Anders E, Anderson DJ, Anderson WW, Anselin LE, Arroyo MK, Asfaw B, Ayala FJ, Bax A, Bebbington AJ, Bell G, Bennett MV, Bennetzen JL, Berenbaum MR, Berlin OB, Bjorkman PJ, Blackburn E, Blamont JE, Botchan MR, Boyer JS, Boyle EA, Branton D, Briggs SP, Briggs WR, Brill WJ, Britten RJ, Broecker WS, Brown JH, Brown PO, Brunger AT, Cairns J, Canfield DE, Carpenter SR, Carrington JC, Cashmore AR, Castilla JC, Cazenave A, Chapin FS, Ciechanover AJ, Clapham DE, Clark WC, Clayton RN, Coe MD, Conwell EM, Cowling EB, Cowling RM, Cox CS, Croteau RB, Crothers DM, Crutzen PJ, Daily GC, Dalrymple GB, Dangl JL, Darst SA, Davies DR, Davis MB, De Camilli PV, Dean C, DeFries RS, Deisenhofer J, Delmer DP, DeLong EF, DeRosier DJ, Diener TO, Dirzo R, Dixon JE, Donoghue MJ, Doolittle RF, Dunne T, Ehrlich PR, Eisenstadt SN, Eisner T, Emanuel KA, Englander SW, Ernst WG, Falkowski PG, Feher G, Ferejohn JA, Fersht A, Fischer EH, Fischer R, Flannery KV, Frank J, Frey PA, Fridovich I, Frieden C, Futuyma DJ, Gardner WR, Garrett CJ, Gilbert W, Goldberg RB, Goodenough WH, Goodman CS, Goodman M, Greengard P, Hake S, Hammel G, Hanson S, Harrison SC, Hart SR, Hartl DL, Haselkorn R, Hawkes K, Hayes JM, Hille B, Hökfelt T, House JS, Hout M, Hunten DM, Izquierdo IA, Jagendorf AT, Janzen DH, Jeanloz R, Jencks CS, Jury WA, Kaback HR, Kailath T, Kay P, Kay SA, Kennedy D, Kerr A, Kessler RC, Khush GS, Kieffer SW, Kirch PV, Kirk K, Kivelson MG, Klinman JP, Klug A, Knopoff L, Kornberg H, Kutzbach JE, Lagarias JC, Lambeck K, Landy A, Langmuir CH, Larkins BA, Le Pichon XT, Lenski RE, Leopold EB, Levin SA, Levitt M, Likens GE, Lippincott-Schwartz J, Lorand L, Lovejoy CO, Lynch M, Mabogunje AL, Malone TF, Manabe S, Marcus J, Massey DS, McWilliams JC, Medina E, Melosh HJ, Meltzer DJ, Michener CD, Miles EL, Mooney HA, Moore PB, Morel FM, Mosley-Thompson ES, Moss B, Munk WH, Myers N, Nair GB, Nathans J, Nester EW, Nicoll RA, Novick RP, O'Connell JF, Olsen PE, Opdyke ND, Oster GF, Ostrom E, Pace NR, Paine RT, Palmiter RD, Pedlosky J, Petsko GA, Pettengill GH, Philander SG, Piperno DR, Pollard TD, Price PB, Reichard PA, Reskin BF, Ricklefs RE, Rivest RL, Roberts JD, Romney AK, Rossmann MG, Russell DW, Rutter WJ, Sabloff JA, Sagdeev RZ, Sahlins MD, Salmond A, Sanes JR, Schekman R, Schellnhuber J, Schindler DW, Schmitt J, Schneider SH, Schramm VL, Sederoff RR, Shatz CJ, Sherman F, Sidman RL, Sieh K, Simons EL, Singer BH, Singer MF, Skyrms B, Sleep NH, Smith BD, Snyder SH, Sokal RR, Spencer CS, Steitz TA, Strier KB, Südhof TC, Taylor SS, Terborgh J, Thomas DH, Thompson LG, Tjian RT, Turner MG, Uyeda S, Valentine JW, Valentine JS, Van Etten JL, van Holde KE, Vaughan M, Verba S, von Hippel PH, Wake DB, Walker A, Walker JE, Watson EB, Watson PJ, Weigel D, Wessler SR, West-Eberhard MJ, White TD, Wilson WJ, Wolfenden RV, Wood JA, Woodwell GM, Wright HE, Wu C, Wunsch C, Zoback ML

Highlighting the science of cancer prevention.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Blackburn EH

Unprecedented opportunities and promise for cancer prevention research.

Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)

Blackburn EH, Tlsty TD, Lippman SM

The effects of phosphomimetic lid mutation on the thermostability of the N-terminal domain of MDM2.

Journal of molecular biology

Worrall EG, Worrall L, Blackburn E, Walkinshaw M, Hupp TR

Association of marine omega-3 fatty acid levels with telomeric aging in patients with coronary heart disease.

JAMA

Farzaneh-Far R, Lin J, Epel ES, Harris WS, Blackburn EH, Whooley MA

Telomere length trajectory and its determinants in persons with coronary artery disease: longitudinal findings from the heart and soul study.

PloS one

Farzaneh-Far R, Lin J, Epel E, Lapham K, Blackburn E, Whooley MA

Dynamics of telomerase activity in response to acute psychological stress.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

Epel ES, Lin J, Dhabhar FS, Wolkowitz OM, Puterman E, Karan L, Blackburn EH

2009 Nobels: break or breakthrough for women? Interview by Jeffrey Mervis and Kate Travis.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

Blackburn E, Greider C, Yonath A, Ostrom E

Analyses and comparisons of telomerase activity and telomere length in human T and B cells: insights for epidemiology of telomere maintenance.

Journal of immunological methods

Lin J, Epel E, Cheon J, Kroenke C, Sinclair E, Bigos M, Wolkowitz O, Mellon S, Blackburn E

Telomeres and Tetrahymena: an interview with Elizabeth Blackburn.

Disease models & mechanisms

Blackburn E

DNA damage signalling prevents deleterious telomere addition at DNA breaks.

Nature cell biology

Makovets S, Blackburn EH

Can meditation slow rate of cellular aging? Cognitive stress, mindfulness, and telomeres.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Epel E, Daubenmier J, Moskowitz JT, Folkman S, Blackburn E

Association between telomere length, specific causes of death, and years of healthy life in health, aging, and body composition, a population-based cohort study.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Njajou OT, Hsueh WC, Blackburn EH, Newman AB, Wu SH, Li R, Simonsick EM, Harris TM, Cummings SR, Cawthon RM

A conversation with Elizabeth Blackburn. Interview by Misia Landau.

Clinical chemistry

Blackburn E

Cdk1-dependent phosphorylation of Cdc13 coordinates telomere elongation during cell-cycle progression.

Cell

Li S, Makovets S, Matsuguchi T, Blethrow JD, Shokat KM, Blackburn EH

Pessimism correlates with leukocyte telomere shortness and elevated interleukin-6 in post-menopausal women.

Brain, behavior, and immunity

O'Donovan A, Lin J, Tillie J, Tillie JM, Dhabhar FS, Wolkowitz OM, Wolkowitz O, Blackburn EH, Blackburn E, Epel ES, Epel E

Mec1 function in the DNA damage response does not require its interaction with Tel2.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)

Anderson CM, Blackburn EH

The rate of leukocyte telomere shortening predicts mortality from cardiovascular disease in elderly men.

Aging

Epel ES, Merkin SS, Cawthon R, Blackburn EH, Adler NE, Pletcher MJ, Seeman TE

Rapid telomere motions in live human cells analyzed by highly time-resolved microscopy.

Epigenetics & chromatin

Wang X, Kam Z, Carlton PM, Xu L, Sedat JW, Blackburn EH

Dietary restraint and telomere length in pre- and postmenopausal women.

Psychosomatic medicine

Kiefer A, Lin J, Blackburn E, Epel E

Increased telomerase activity and comprehensive lifestyle changes: a pilot study.

The Lancet. Oncology

Ornish D, Lin J, Daubenmier J, Weidner G, Epel E, Kemp C, Magbanua MJ, Marlin R, Yglecias L, Carroll PR, Blackburn EH

A novel Tel1/ATM N-terminal motif, TAN, is essential for telomere length maintenance and a DNA damage response.

Molecular and cellular biology

Seidel JJ, Anderson CM, Blackburn EH

ATM mediates cytotoxicity of a mutant telomerase RNA in human cancer cells.

Cancer research

Stohr BA, Blackburn EH

Interview with Elizabeth Blackburn, Ph.D. Interview by Vicki Glaser.

Rejuvenation research

Blackburn E

Elizabeth Blackburn: because science is worth it. Interview by Ruth Williams.

The Journal of cell biology

Blackburn E

Tel2 mediates activation and localization of ATM/Tel1 kinase to a double-strand break.

Genes & development

Anderson CM, Korkin D, Smith DL, Makovets S, Seidel JJ, Sali A, Blackburn EH

The telotype defines the telomere state in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is inherited as a dominant non-Mendelian characteristic in cells lacking telomerase.

Genetics

Makovets S, Williams TL, Blackburn EH

Human cancer cells harbor T-stumps, a distinct class of extremely short telomeres.

Molecular cell

Xu L, Blackburn EH

Telomere length is paternally inherited and is associated with parental lifespan.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Njajou OT, Cawthon RM, Damcott CM, Wu SH, Ott S, Garant MJ, Blackburn EH, Mitchell BD, Shuldiner AR, Hsueh WC

Telomerase core components protect Candida telomeres from aberrant overhang accumulation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Hsu M, McEachern MJ, Dandjinou AT, Tzfati Y, Orr E, Blackburn EH, Lue NF

Telomeres and telomerase: the path from maize, Tetrahymena and yeast to human cancer and aging.

Nature medicine

Blackburn EH, Greider CW, Szostak JW

Genes and pathways downstream of telomerase in melanoma metastasis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Bagheri S, Nosrati M, Li S, Fong S, Torabian S, Rangel J, Moore DH, Federman S, Laposa RR, Baehner FL, Sagebiel RW, Cleaver JE, Haqq C, Debs RJ, Blackburn EH, Kashani-Sabet M

Assembly of mutant-template telomerase RNA into catalytically active telomerase ribonucleoprotein that can act on telomeres is required for apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human cancer cells.

Cancer research

Goldkorn A, Blackburn EH

Expression and suppression of human telomerase RNA.

Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology

Li S, Blackburn EH

Cell aging in relation to stress arousal and cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Psychoneuroendocrinology

Epel ES, Lin J, Wilhelm FH, Wolkowitz OM, Cawthon R, Adler NE, Dolbier C, Mendes WB, Blackburn EH

Telomerase and Cancer: Kirk A. Landon--AACR prize for basic cancer research lecture.

Molecular cancer research : MCR

Blackburn EH

Cell biology: Shaggy mouse tales.

Nature

Blackburn EH

Identification and functional characterization of 2 variant alleles of the telomerase RNA template gene (TERC) in a patient with dyskeratosis congenita.

Blood

Ly H, Schertzer M, Jastaniah W, Davis J, Yong SL, Ouyang Q, Blackburn EH, Parslow TG, Lansdorp PM

Cellular and gene expression responses involved in the rapid growth inhibition of human cancer cells by RNA interference-mediated depletion of telomerase RNA.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Li S, Crothers J, Haqq CM, Blackburn EH

A universal telomerase RNA core structure includes structured motifs required for binding the telomerase reverse transcriptase protein.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Lin J, Ly H, Hussain A, Abraham M, Pearl S, Tzfati Y, Parslow TG, Blackburn EH

Antitumor activity of systemically delivered ribozymes targeting murine telomerase RNA.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research

Nosrati M, Li S, Bagheri S, Ginzinger D, Blackburn EH, Debs RJ, Kashani-Sabet M

Rapid inhibition of cancer cell growth induced by lentiviral delivery and expression of mutant-template telomerase RNA and anti-telomerase short-interfering RNA.

Cancer research

Li S, Rosenberg JE, Donjacour AA, Botchkina IL, Hom YK, Cunha GR, Blackburn EH

Nucleolar protein PinX1p regulates telomerase by sequestering its protein catalytic subunit in an inactive complex lacking telomerase RNA.

Genes & development

Lin J, Blackburn EH

Telomerase RNA template mutations reveal sequence-specific requirements for the activation and repression of telomerase action at telomeres.

Molecular and cellular biology

Prescott JC, Blackburn EH

Identification of Kluyveromyces lactis telomerase: discontinuous synthesis along the 30-nucleotide-long templating domain.

Molecular and cellular biology

Fulton TB, Blackburn EH

Telomerase RNA mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae alter telomerase action and reveal nonprocessivity in vivo and in vitro.

Genes & development

Prescott J, Blackburn EH

The telomere and telomerase: how do they interact?

Ciba Foundation symposium

Blackburn E, Bhattacharyya A, Gilley D, Kirk K, Krauskopf A, McEachern M, Prescott J, Ware T

Control of telomere growth by interactions of RAP1 with the most distal telomeric repeats.

Nature

Krauskopf A, Blackburn EH

Cap-prevented recombination between terminal telomeric repeat arrays (telomere CPR) maintains telomeres in Kluyveromyces lactis lacking telomerase.

Genes & development

McEachern MJ, Blackburn EH

Telomeres, telomerase and cancer.

Scientific American

Greider CW, Blackburn EH

Effects of reverse transcriptase inhibitors on telomere length and telomerase activity in two immortalized human cell lines.

Molecular and cellular biology

Strahl C, Blackburn EH

Replication of an rRNA gene origin plasmid in the Tetrahymena thermophila macronucleus is prevented by transcription through the origin from an RNA polymerase I promoter.

Molecular and cellular biology

Pan WJ, Gallagher RC, Blackburn EH

Tandem repeats of the 5' non-transcribed spacer of Tetrahymena rDNA function as high copy number autonomous replicons in the macronucleus but do not prevent rRNA gene dosage regulation.

Nucleic acids research

Pan WJ, Blackburn EH

Tetrahymena thermophila mutants defective in the developmentally programmed maturation and maintenance of the rDNA minichromosome.

Genetics

Kapler GM, Orias E, Blackburn EH

A weak germ-line excision mutation blocks developmentally controlled amplification of the rDNA minichromosome of Tetrahymena thermophila.

Genes & development

Kapler GM, Blackburn EH

Amplification of tandemly repeated origin control sequences confers a replication advantage on rDNA replicons in Tetrahymena thermophila.

Molecular and cellular biology

Yu GL, Blackburn EH

Telomeres: structure and synthesis.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Blackburn EH

In vivo alteration of telomere sequences and senescence caused by mutated Tetrahymena telomerase RNAs.

Nature

Yu GL, Bradley JD, Attardi LD, Blackburn EH

RNA-dependent polymerase motifs in EST1: tentative identification of a protein component of an essential yeast telomerase.

Cell

Lundblad V, Blackburn EH

A novel DNA deletion-ligation reaction catalyzed in vitro by a developmentally controlled activity from Tetrahymena cells.

Cell

Robinson EK, Cohen PD, Blackburn EH

Analysis of Paramecium macronuclear DNA using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

The Journal of protozoology

Phan HL, Forney J, Blackburn EH

Telomere terminal transferase activity from Euplotes crassus adds large numbers of TTTTGGGG repeats onto telomeric primers.

Molecular and cellular biology

Shippen-Lentz D, Blackburn EH

Circular ribosomal DNA plasmids transform Tetrahymena thermophila by homologous recombination with endogenous macronuclear ribosomal DNA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Yu GL, Hasson M, Blackburn EH

The internally located telomeric sequences in the germ-line chromosomes of Tetrahymena are at the ends of transposon-like elements.

Cell

Cherry JM, Blackburn EH

Reproducible and variable genomic rearrangements occur in the developing somatic nucleus of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila.

Molecular and cellular biology

Howard EA, Blackburn EH

The nucleotide sequence of the 17S ribosomal RNA gene of Tetrahymena thermophila and the identification of point mutations resulting in resistance to the antibiotics paromomycin and hygromycin.

The Journal of biological chemistry

Spangler EA, Blackburn EH

A drug-resistant mutation in the ribosomal DNA of Tetrahymena.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Bruns PJ, Katzen AL, Martin L, Blackburn EH

Conserved arrangements of repeated DNA sequences in nontranscribed spacers of ciliate ribosomal RNA genes: evidence for molecular coevolution.

Nucleic acids research

Challoner PB, Amin AA, Pearlman RE, Blackburn EH

Tandemly repeated C-C-C-C-A-A hexanucleotide of Tetrahymena rDNA is present elsewhere in the genome and may be related to the alteration of the somatic genome.

The Journal of cell biology

Yao MC, Blackburn E, Gall J

Sequence-specific fragmentation of macronuclear DNA in a holotrichous ciliate.

Cell

Katzen AL, Cann GM, Blackburn EH

Non-nucleosomal packaging of a tandemly repeated DNA sequence at termini of extrachromosomal DNA coding for rRNA in Tetrahymena.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Blackburn EH, Chiou SS

Gene F of bacteriophage phiX174. Correlation of nucleotide sequences from the DNA and amino acid sequences from the gene product.

Journal of molecular biology

Air GM, Blackburn EH, Coulson AR, Galibert F, Sanger F, Sedat JW, Ziff EB

Transcription and sequence analysis of a fragment of bacteriophage phiX174 DNA.

Journal of molecular biology

Blackburn EH

The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the N (5') terminal region of gene G of bacteriophage phiphiX 174.

Journal of molecular biology

Air GM, Blackburn EH, Sanger F, Coulson AR

Transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase of a single-stranded fragment by bacteriophage phiX174 DNA 48 residues in length.

Journal of molecular biology

Blackburn EH